mathematical formulae and statistical tables -green-

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| ( z ) | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 0.0 | 0.5000 | 0.5040 | 0.5080 | 0.5120 | 0.5160 | 0.5199 | | 0.5 | 0.6915 | 0.6950 | 0.6985 | 0.7019 | 0.7054 | 0.7088 | | 1.0 | 0.8413 | 0.8438 | 0.8461 | 0.8485 | 0.8508 | 0.8531 | | 1.5 | 0.9332 | 0.9345 | 0.9357 | 0.9370 | 0.9382 | 0.9394 | | 1.96 | 0.9750 | – | – | – | – | – | | 2.0 | 0.9772 | 0.9778 | 0.9783 | 0.9788 | 0.9793 | 0.9798 | | 2.5 | 0.9938 | 0.9940 | 0.9941 | 0.9943 | 0.9945 | 0.9946 | | 3.0 | 0.9987 | 0.9987 | 0.9987 | 0.9988 | 0.9988 | 0.9989 | Two-tailed ( \alpha ) level

( X \sim \textPo(\lambda) ) [ P(X = k) = \frace^-\lambda \lambda^kk!, \quad k = 0,1,2,\dots ] Mean ( \mu = \lambda ), Variance ( \sigma^2 = \lambda ) 3.3 Continuous Distributions Normal (Gaussian): ( X \sim N(\mu, \sigma^2) ) PDF: ( f(x) = \frac1\sigma\sqrt2\pi e^-\frac(x-\mu)^22\sigma^2 ) Standard normal ( Z = \fracX - \mu\sigma \sim N(0,1) ) SECTION 4: STATISTICAL TABLES (GREEN THEME) TABLE 1: Standard Normal (Z) Probabilities Area to the left of ( z ), ( \Phi(z) = P(Z \leq z) )

| df \ ( \alpha ) | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |---|---|---|---|---| | 1 | 6.314 | 12.706 | 31.821 | 63.657 | | 2 | 2.920 | 4.303 | 6.965 | 9.925 | | 3 | 2.353 | 3.182 | 4.541 | 5.841 | | 4 | 2.132 | 2.776 | 3.747 | 4.604 | | 5 | 2.015 | 2.571 | 3.365 | 4.032 | | 10 | 1.812 | 2.228 | 2.764 | 3.169 | | 20 | 1.725 | 2.086 | 2.528 | 2.845 | | 30 | 1.697 | 2.042 | 2.457 | 2.750 | | ∞ | 1.645 | 1.960 | 2.326 | 2.576 | Upper tail probability ( p )

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Mathematical Formulae And Statistical Tables -green- May 2026

| ( z ) | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 0.0 | 0.5000 | 0.5040 | 0.5080 | 0.5120 | 0.5160 | 0.5199 | | 0.5 | 0.6915 | 0.6950 | 0.6985 | 0.7019 | 0.7054 | 0.7088 | | 1.0 | 0.8413 | 0.8438 | 0.8461 | 0.8485 | 0.8508 | 0.8531 | | 1.5 | 0.9332 | 0.9345 | 0.9357 | 0.9370 | 0.9382 | 0.9394 | | 1.96 | 0.9750 | – | – | – | – | – | | 2.0 | 0.9772 | 0.9778 | 0.9783 | 0.9788 | 0.9793 | 0.9798 | | 2.5 | 0.9938 | 0.9940 | 0.9941 | 0.9943 | 0.9945 | 0.9946 | | 3.0 | 0.9987 | 0.9987 | 0.9987 | 0.9988 | 0.9988 | 0.9989 | Two-tailed ( \alpha ) level

( X \sim \textPo(\lambda) ) [ P(X = k) = \frace^-\lambda \lambda^kk!, \quad k = 0,1,2,\dots ] Mean ( \mu = \lambda ), Variance ( \sigma^2 = \lambda ) 3.3 Continuous Distributions Normal (Gaussian): ( X \sim N(\mu, \sigma^2) ) PDF: ( f(x) = \frac1\sigma\sqrt2\pi e^-\frac(x-\mu)^22\sigma^2 ) Standard normal ( Z = \fracX - \mu\sigma \sim N(0,1) ) SECTION 4: STATISTICAL TABLES (GREEN THEME) TABLE 1: Standard Normal (Z) Probabilities Area to the left of ( z ), ( \Phi(z) = P(Z \leq z) ) mathematical formulae and statistical tables -green-

| df \ ( \alpha ) | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |---|---|---|---|---| | 1 | 6.314 | 12.706 | 31.821 | 63.657 | | 2 | 2.920 | 4.303 | 6.965 | 9.925 | | 3 | 2.353 | 3.182 | 4.541 | 5.841 | | 4 | 2.132 | 2.776 | 3.747 | 4.604 | | 5 | 2.015 | 2.571 | 3.365 | 4.032 | | 10 | 1.812 | 2.228 | 2.764 | 3.169 | | 20 | 1.725 | 2.086 | 2.528 | 2.845 | | 30 | 1.697 | 2.042 | 2.457 | 2.750 | | ∞ | 1.645 | 1.960 | 2.326 | 2.576 | Upper tail probability ( p ) | ( z ) | 0

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